Android数据加密之——Aes加密
注:本文为转载文章,原文请参考:Android数据加密之Aes加密
前言:
项目中除了登陆,支付等接口采用rsa非对称加密,之外的采用aes对称加密,今天我们来认识一下aes加密。
什么是aes加密?
高级加密标准(英语:Advanced Encryption Standard,缩写:AES),在密码学中又称Rijndael加密法,是美国联邦政府采用的一种区块加密标准。这个标准用来替代原先的DES,已经被多方分析且广为全世界所使用。
接下来我们来实际看下具体怎么实现:
对于AesUtils类常量简介:
private final static String HEX = "0123456789ABCDEF";
private static final String CBC_PKCS5_PADDING = "AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding";//AES是加密方式 CBC是工作模式 PKCS5Padding是填充模式
private static final String AES = "AES";//AES 加密
private static final String SHA1PRNG="SHA1PRNG";//// SHA1PRNG 强随机种子算法, 要区别4.2以上版本的调用方法
如何生成一个随机Key?
/** 生成随机数,可以当做动态的密钥 加密和解密的密钥必须一致,不然将不能解密*/
public static String generateKey()
{
try
{
SecureRandom localSecureRandom = SecureRandom.getInstance(SHA1PRNG);
byte[] bytes_key = new byte[20];
localSecureRandom.nextBytes(bytes_key);
String str_key = toHex(bytes_key);
return str_key;
} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
Aes密钥处理
// 对密钥进行处理
private static byte[] getRawKey(byte[] seed) throws Exception
{
KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance(AES);
//for android
SecureRandom sr = null;
// 在4.2以上版本中,SecureRandom获取方式发生了改变
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 17)
{
sr = SecureRandom.getInstance(SHA1PRNG, "Crypto");
} else
{
sr = SecureRandom.getInstance(SHA1PRNG);
}
// for Java
// secureRandom = SecureRandom.getInstance(SHA1PRNG);
sr.setSeed(seed);
kgen.init(128, sr); //256 bits or 128 bits,192bits
//AES中128位密钥版本有10个加密循环,192比特密钥版本有12个加密循环,256比特密钥版本则有14个加密循环。
SecretKey skey = kgen.generateKey();
byte[] raw = skey.getEncoded();
return raw;
}
Aes加密过程
/** 加密*/
public static String encrypt(String key, String cleartext)
{
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(cleartext))
{
return cleartext;
}
try
{
byte[] result = encrypt(key, cleartext.getBytes());
return Base64Encoder.encode(result);
} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/** 加密*/
private static byte[] encrypt(String key, byte[] clear) throws Exception
{
byte[] raw = getRawKey(key.getBytes());
SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(raw, AES);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CBC_PKCS5_PADDING);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, new IvParameterSpec(new byte[cipher.getBlockSize()]));
byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(clear);
return encrypted;
}
Aes解密过程
/** 解密*/
public static String decrypt(String key, String encrypted)
{
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(encrypted))
{
return encrypted;
}
try
{
byte[] enc = Base64Decoder.decodeToBytes(encrypted);
byte[] result = decrypt(key, enc);
return new String(result);
} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/** 解密*/
private static byte[] decrypt(String key, byte[] encrypted) throws Exception {
byte[] raw = getRawKey(key.getBytes());
SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(raw, AES);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CBC_PKCS5_PADDING);
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, new IvParameterSpec(new byte[cipher.getBlockSize()]));
byte[] decrypted = cipher.doFinal(encrypted);
return decrypted;
}
二进制转字符
//二进制转字符
public static String toHex(byte[] buf)
{
if (buf == null)
return "";
StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer(2 * buf.length);
for (int i = 0; i < buf.length; i++)
{
appendHex(result, buf[i]);
}
return result.toString();
}
private static void appendHex(StringBuffer sb, byte b)
{
sb.append(HEX.charAt((b >> 4) & 0x0f)).append(HEX.charAt(b & 0x0f));
}
测试程序:
List<Person> personList = new ArrayList<>();
int testMaxCount = 1000;//测试的最大数据条数
//添加测试数据
for (int i = 0; i < testMaxCount; i++)
{
Person person = new Person();
person.setAge(i);
person.setName(String.valueOf(i));
personList.add(person);
}
//FastJson生成json数据
String jsonData = JsonUtils.objectToJsonForFastJson(personList);
Log.e("MainActivity", "AES加密前json数据 ---->" + jsonData);
Log.e("MainActivity", "AES加密前json数据长度 ---->" + jsonData.length());
//生成一个动态key
String secretKey = AesUtils.generateKey();
Log.e("MainActivity", "AES动态secretKey ---->" + secretKey);
//AES加密
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
String encryStr = AesUtils.encrypt(secretKey, jsonData);
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
Log.e("MainActivity", "AES加密耗时 cost time---->" + (end - start));
Log.e("MainActivity", "AES加密后json数据 ---->" + encryStr);
Log.e("MainActivity", "AES加密后json数据长度 ---->" + encryStr.length());
//AES解密
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
String decryStr = AesUtils.decrypt(secretKey, encryStr);
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
Log.e("MainActivity", "AES解密耗时 cost time---->" + (end - start));
Log.e("MainActivity", "AES解密后json数据 ---->" + decryStr);