Android数据加密之——Aes加密

注:本文为转载文章,原文请参考:Android数据加密之Aes加密

前言:

项目中除了登陆,支付等接口采用rsa非对称加密,之外的采用aes对称加密,今天我们来认识一下aes加密。

什么是aes加密?

高级加密标准(英语:Advanced Encryption Standard,缩写:AES),在密码学中又称Rijndael加密法,是美国联邦政府采用的一种区块加密标准。这个标准用来替代原先的DES,已经被多方分析且广为全世界所使用。

接下来我们来实际看下具体怎么实现:

对于AesUtils类常量简介:

private final static String HEX = "0123456789ABCDEF";
private  static final String CBC_PKCS5_PADDING = "AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding";//AES是加密方式 CBC是工作模式 PKCS5Padding是填充模式
private  static final String AES = "AES";//AES 加密
private  static final String  SHA1PRNG="SHA1PRNG";//// SHA1PRNG 强随机种子算法, 要区别4.2以上版本的调用方法

如何生成一个随机Key?

/** 生成随机数,可以当做动态的密钥 加密和解密的密钥必须一致,不然将不能解密*/
public static String generateKey() 
{
    try 
    {
        SecureRandom localSecureRandom = SecureRandom.getInstance(SHA1PRNG);
        byte[] bytes_key = new byte[20];
        localSecureRandom.nextBytes(bytes_key);
        String str_key = toHex(bytes_key);
        return str_key;
    } catch (Exception e) 
    {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
}

Aes密钥处理

// 对密钥进行处理
private static byte[] getRawKey(byte[] seed) throws Exception 
{
    KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance(AES);
    //for android
    SecureRandom sr = null;
    // 在4.2以上版本中,SecureRandom获取方式发生了改变
    if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 17) 
    {
        sr = SecureRandom.getInstance(SHA1PRNG, "Crypto");
    } else 
    {
        sr = SecureRandom.getInstance(SHA1PRNG);
    }
    // for Java
    // secureRandom = SecureRandom.getInstance(SHA1PRNG);
    sr.setSeed(seed);
    kgen.init(128, sr); //256 bits or 128 bits,192bits
    //AES中128位密钥版本有10个加密循环,192比特密钥版本有12个加密循环,256比特密钥版本则有14个加密循环。
    SecretKey skey = kgen.generateKey();
    byte[] raw = skey.getEncoded();
    return raw;
}

Aes加密过程

/** 加密*/
public static String encrypt(String key, String cleartext) 
{
    if (TextUtils.isEmpty(cleartext)) 
    {
        return cleartext;
    }
    try 
    {
        byte[] result = encrypt(key, cleartext.getBytes());
        return Base64Encoder.encode(result);
    } catch (Exception e) 
    {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
}

/** 加密*/
private static byte[] encrypt(String key, byte[] clear) throws Exception 
{
    byte[] raw = getRawKey(key.getBytes());
    SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(raw, AES);
    Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CBC_PKCS5_PADDING);
    cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, new IvParameterSpec(new byte[cipher.getBlockSize()]));
    byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(clear);
    return encrypted;
}

Aes解密过程

/** 解密*/
public static String decrypt(String key, String encrypted) 
{
    if (TextUtils.isEmpty(encrypted)) 
    {
        return encrypted;
    }
    try 
    {
        byte[] enc = Base64Decoder.decodeToBytes(encrypted);
        byte[] result = decrypt(key, enc);
        return new String(result);
    } catch (Exception e) 
    {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
}

/** 解密*/
private static byte[] decrypt(String key, byte[] encrypted) throws Exception {
    byte[] raw = getRawKey(key.getBytes());
    SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(raw, AES);
    Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CBC_PKCS5_PADDING);
    cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, new IvParameterSpec(new byte[cipher.getBlockSize()]));
    byte[] decrypted = cipher.doFinal(encrypted);
    return decrypted;
}

二进制转字符

//二进制转字符
public static String toHex(byte[] buf) 
{
    if (buf == null)
        return "";
    StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer(2 * buf.length);
    for (int i = 0; i < buf.length; i++) 
    {
        appendHex(result, buf[i]);
    }
    return result.toString();
}
private static void appendHex(StringBuffer sb, byte b) 
{
    sb.append(HEX.charAt((b >> 4) & 0x0f)).append(HEX.charAt(b & 0x0f));
}

测试程序:

  List<Person> personList = new ArrayList<>();
    int testMaxCount = 1000;//测试的最大数据条数
    //添加测试数据
    for (int i = 0; i < testMaxCount; i++) 
    {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setAge(i);
        person.setName(String.valueOf(i));
        personList.add(person);
    }
    //FastJson生成json数据
    String jsonData = JsonUtils.objectToJsonForFastJson(personList);
    Log.e("MainActivity", "AES加密前json数据 ---->" + jsonData);
    Log.e("MainActivity", "AES加密前json数据长度 ---->" + jsonData.length());

    //生成一个动态key
    String secretKey = AesUtils.generateKey();
    Log.e("MainActivity", "AES动态secretKey ---->" + secretKey);

    //AES加密
    long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
    String encryStr = AesUtils.encrypt(secretKey, jsonData);
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Log.e("MainActivity", "AES加密耗时 cost time---->" + (end - start));
    Log.e("MainActivity", "AES加密后json数据 ---->" + encryStr);
    Log.e("MainActivity", "AES加密后json数据长度 ---->" + encryStr.length());

    //AES解密
    start = System.currentTimeMillis();
    String decryStr = AesUtils.decrypt(secretKey, encryStr);
    end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Log.e("MainActivity", "AES解密耗时 cost time---->" + (end - start));
    Log.e("MainActivity", "AES解密后json数据 ---->" + decryStr);